Iată ce sunt perlele și cum se formează

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Categorii: Pietre pretioase

Autor: OmniaOro

În acest articol vă explicăm procesul natural de creare a perlelor. Și cum poți spune dacă o perlă este reală sau falsă.

Trebuie să știți că există două categorii principale de perle naturale:

perle naturale de apă sărată care sunt foarte rare și cu siguranță cele mai valoroase dintre toate, deoarece se formează în mod natural, fără mâna omului.

De fapt, perlele naturale de apă sărată de pe piață astăzi sunt foarte puține ( în jur de 1% ) și sunt descoperite întâmplător de pescarii de crustacee.

și perle de cultură de apă dulce (care sunt cele mai frecvent utilizate în bijuterii).

Cum se formează

Perlele naturale sunt de natură organică și se nasc în interiorul unei moluște perle (stridii) care, pentru a se apăra de pătrunderea unui corp străin care pătrunde în țesutul moale, activează un proces imunitar spontan care acoperă acest corp extern cu o substanță numită „conchiolina”. " , care începe să producă straturi concentrice subțiri de nacru, care dau naștere la stratificarea perlei.

S-a dovedit că o stridie dezvoltă 3 sau 4 straturi de coajă pe zi, așa că este interesant de știut că pentru fiecare an de cultură stratul de perle crește cu 0,3 mm.

Asa ca abia dupa cativa ani vei putea admira rezultatul extraordinar: o minunata perla naturala.

Este important de știut că dintre miile de specii de stridii, doar câteva specii sunt considerate adevărate stridii de perle.

Elementele de evaluare a unei perle

  • Dimensiune
  • Formă și omogenitate
  • Culoare
  • Aspectul suprafeței
  • Orienta

Dimensiunea

Dimensiunea este primul element pe baza căruia se evaluează o perlă, „amintiți-vă” alți factori fiind egali, cu cât perla este mai mare cu atât valoarea ei este mai mare.

Unitatea de măsură pentru perle este milimetrul (mm) și este posibil să se măsoare cu ușurință diametrul acestuia cu un șubler.

Formă

Mai jos sunt toate dimensiunile de perle existente:

  • Sferic
  • Oval
  • O jumătate de perlă
  • Ovaloid
  • Buton
  • În formă de picătură
  • În formă de pară
  • Inelat
  • Înfrățit
  • scufundat
  • Boabele de orez
  • Cruce
  • Fantezie
  • Stil baroc
  • Semi baroc

Culoare

Perlele vin cu combinații infinite de culori și nuanțe și, prin urmare, este imposibil să creezi categorii reale.

Cele șase culori principale de bază sunt enumerate mai jos: alb , roz , crem , galben, gri și negru.

Perlele gri și negre se găsesc de obicei în zonele în care nisipul este întunecat. Și sunt produse de un tip de stridii perle mari numite „buze negre” din familia „margaritiferelor” .

În timp ce cele mai comune nuanțe variază de la roz și roz-verde.

Aspectul suprafeței

Perlele, deși întotdeauna un „material organic” și deci natural, nu au niciodată o suprafață perfect netedă și omogenă.

Prin urmare, examinand o perla sub lumina directa veti observa cu siguranta dungi sau mici bule in relief, acestea sunt elemente linistitoare care intaresc ipoteza ca perla este reala si deci autentica.

Vă rugăm să rețineți, cu cât suprafața perlei este mai perfectă, cu atât perla va fi mai valoroasă.

Pearl Orient

Orientarea unei perle este ansamblul elementelor optice (dispersie, refracție, reflexie, interferență și difuzie a luminii) care sunt observate prin utilizarea luminii albe difuze la observarea perlei pe un fundal uniform alb sau gri.

Dacă la observarea perlei, percepeți un set de culori „în mișcare”, observați orientarea perlei. Că doar un tehnician expert este capabil să o evalueze în:

Excelent – Bine – Corect – Slab

Cum să recunoști o perlă falsă

Cu această metodă foarte simplă, vei putea recunoaște rapid dacă o perlă este autentică sau falsă .

Testul constă în zgârierea suprafeței perlei cu o pilă mică sau cu lama unui cuțit mic (dacă are orificiu este mai bine aproape de orificiu pentru ca odată introdusă într-un colier să nu vezi zgârieturile făcute) să înțelegeți imediat dacă este acoperit cu vopsea sau produse similare.

Daca este asa vei observa imediat vopseaua crapata si sub orice acoperire, perla falsa (de obicei din plastic transparent).

Astfel vei putea înțelege imediat dacă este o perlă autentică sau falsă . Pentru ca daca perla este naturala, atunci cand o zgarii, vei observa ca suprafata perlei se va desprinde (efectul este identic cu cand zgarii un os de sepie).

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