Íme, mik a gyöngyök és hogyan keletkeznek

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Kategória Drágakövek

Szerző OmniaOro

Ebben a cikkben elmagyarázzuk a gyöngyök keletkezésének természetes folyamatát. És honnan tudod, hogy egy gyöngy valódi vagy hamis?

Tudnia kell, hogy a természetes gyöngyöknek két fő kategóriája van:

természetes sósvízi gyöngyök, amelyek nagyon ritkák, és minden bizonnyal a legértékesebbek, mert természetes úton, emberi kéz nélkül keletkeznek.

Valójában a ma piacon lévő természetes sósvízi gyöngyökből nagyon kevés van ( körülbelül 1% ), és a kagylóhalászok véletlenül fedezik fel őket.

és édesvízi tenyésztett gyöngy (amelyek a leggyakrabban használt ékszerek).

Hogyan keletkeznek

A természetes gyöngyök szerves természetűek, és egy gyöngykagylóban (osztrigában) születnek, amely, hogy megvédje magát a lágyszöveten áthatoló idegen test behatolásától, egy spontán immunfolyamatot aktivál, amely ezt a külső testet beborítja a "conchiolina" nevű anyaggal. " , melyik vékony koncentrikus gyöngyházrétegeket kezd termelni, ami a gyöngy rétegződését eredményezi.

Bebizonyosodott, hogy az osztriga naponta 3 vagy 4 héjréteget fejleszt, ezért érdekes tudni, hogy minden egyes termesztési évben a gyöngy rétege 0,3 mm-rel nő.

Így csak néhány év múlva csodálhatja meg a rendkívüli eredményt: egy csodálatos természetes gyöngyöt.

Fontos tudni, hogy a több ezer osztrigafaj közül csak néhány faj számít igazi gyöngyös osztrigának.

A gyöngy értékelésének elemei

  • Dimenzió
  • Forma és homogenitás
  • Szín
  • Felületi megjelenés
  • Hajnal

A dimenzió

A méret az első elem, amely alapján értékelni kell egy gyöngyöt, "emlékezz rá", hogy más tényezők azonosak, minél nagyobb a gyöngy, annál nagyobb az értéke.

A gyöngyök mértékegysége a milliméter (mm), ennek átmérője könnyen megmérhető egy ezred tolómérővel.

Alak

Alább látható az összes létező gyöngyméret:

  • Gömbölyű
  • Ovális
  • Fél gyöngy
  • Ovális
  • Gomb
  • Csepp alakú
  • Körte alakú
  • Gyűrűs
  • Ikertestvérek
  • Döntött
  • Rizsszem
  • Kereszt
  • Fantázia
  • Barokk
  • Félbarokk

Szín

A gyöngyök végtelen számú szín- és árnyalatkombinációt tartalmaznak, ezért lehetetlen valódi kategóriákat létrehozni.

Az alábbiakban felsoroljuk a hat alapszínt: fehér , rózsaszín , krém , sárga, szürke és fekete.

Szürke és fekete gyöngy általában olyan területeken található, ahol a homok sötét. És a „fekete ajkúnak” nevezett nagy gyöngyös osztriga állítja elő őket a „margaritiferous” családból.

Míg a leggyakoribb árnyalatok a rózsaszíntől és a rózsaszín-zöldtől terjednek.

Felületi megjelenés

A gyöngyök, bár mindig "szerves anyagok", és ezért természetesek, soha nem rendelkeznek tökéletesen sima és homogén felülettel.

Ezért egy gyöngyöt közvetlen fényben vizsgálva minden bizonnyal csíkokat vagy kis buborékokat fog észrevenni a domborműben, ezek megnyugtató elemek, amelyek megerősítik azt a hipotézist, hogy a gyöngy valódi, tehát hiteles.

FIGYELEM Minél tökéletesebb a gyöngy felülete, annál értékesebb lesz a gyöngy.

Pearl Orient

A gyöngy orientációja az optikai elemek összessége (a fény diszperziója, fénytörése, visszaverődése, interferencia és diffúziója), amelyeket szórt fehér fény használatával észlelünk, amikor a gyöngyöt egységes fehér vagy szürke háttéren figyeljük meg.

Ha a gyöngy megfigyelésekor "mozgó" színek halmazát észleli, akkor a gyöngy irányát figyeli. Csak egy szakértő technikus tudja értékelni a következőkben:

Kiváló – Jó – Megfelelő – Gyenge

Hogyan lehet felismerni egy hamis gyöngyöt

Ezzel a nagyon egyszerű módszerrel gyorsan felismerheti, hogy egy gyöngy eredeti vagy hamis .

A teszt abból áll, hogy egy kis reszelővel vagy egy kis kés pengéjével megkarcolják a gyöngy felületét (ha van lyuk, akkor jobb a lyuk közelében, hogy a nyakláncba behelyezve ne láthasd a karcolásokat). azonnal megérti, ha festékkel vagy hasonló termékkel van bevonva.

Ha ez a helyzet, azonnal észreveszi a festék megrepedését, és minden burkolat alatt a hamis gyöngyöt (általában átlátszó műanyagban).

Így azonnal megértheti, hogy hiteles vagy hamis gyöngyről van-e szó. Mert ha természetes a gyöngy, akkor a megkarcolásakor észre fogod venni, hogy a gyöngy felülete lehámlik (a hatás megegyezik a tintahalcsont megkarcolásával).

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